Undergraduate Research

Timing the perfect hardware hack

tdonnel — Tue, 09 Jun 2026 13:35:43 +0000

Timing the perfect hardware hack tdonnel Tue, 06/09/2026 - 09:35

Roombas have become a familiar part of everyday life, quietly navigating living rooms and kitchens. But behind that convenience is a complex system of sensors, algorithms, and data processing—and, as a group of 911�� cyber security engineering (CYSE) students—Finn Schaefer, Ryan Lam, Sidarth Kumar, Jimmy Tram, and Neil Sharma—discovered, a surprising vulnerability. Their capstone project research was accepted for presentation at one of the most prestigious venues for hardware-based security research, the IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST).

“It just scans the room, goes around, and starts mapping," said Finn Schaefer, comparing the vacuum cleaner to the robot at the center of his team's project.

These autonomous systems rely on technologies like LiDAR and SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) to build a virtual map of their environment and navigate safely. However, that same reliance on sensor data also opens the door to cyberattacks that can alter a robot’s perception, sometimes with dramatic consequences.

From left to right: Finn Schaefer, Neil Sharma, Ryan Lam, Sidarth Kumar, and Jimmy Tram. Photo provided.

The capstone project, advised by Assistant Professor Tanvir Arafin, challenged students to explore exactly that risk. From the outset, Arafin encouraged an open-ended, research-driven approach.

“Professor Arafin basically told us to try to break ROS, a robot operating system,” Schaefer said.

The assignment functioned as a “red-team” exercise, pushing students to think like attackers to understand vulnerabilities in autonomous systems.

The team’s early ideas focused on overwhelming the robot with false data, effectively flooding it with noise. But this proved too obvious. That initial concept “was really simple and easy to detect,” said Ryan Lam. A more subtle approach would be needed to create a meaningful, realistic attack.

Their breakthrough came in the form of a timing-based method that mimicked the robot’s normal operating patterns. Instead of bombarding the system, they carefully injected altered sensor data at precisely the right intervals.

“We eventually got to our more elegant solution, where we’re able to match the timing pattern that the robot actually expects,” Schaefer said. Because the manipulated data looked plausible and arrived in the expected cadence, the robot accepted it as real.

A judge examines the team's robot at the CYSE senior design event. Photo by Teresa Donnellan/CEC

The effect was striking: the robot’s internal map gradually diverged from reality. Even small manipulations could cause significant errors.

“With 2- to 5-percent drift, it would crash into walls,” Schaefer said.

In some cases, the system could be tricked into perceiving obstacles that didn’t exist. “It would see a wall that’s not actually there,” he added.

The team also demonstrated the ability to shrink or expand the robot’s perceived environment, causing navigation failures.

To prove the effectiveness of their approach, the students combined simulated analysis with real-world testing. They compared baseline maps to manipulated ones over time and observed the robot attempting to navigate using corrupted data.

“These comparisons served as the proof that we used to say that this works,” said team member Sidarth Kumar.

Additional testing showed that the attack remained effective even under network congestion.

This capstone project reflects Arafin’s broader work to secure the next generation of mobility systems, from connected vehicles to robotics. Moreover, the students came away with a deeper understanding of the emerging field of hardware security.

Tanvir Arafin (center) with the 2026 senior capstone teams he advised. Photo provided.

“This is an exceptional accomplishment and a testament to the curriculum rigor of the Cyber Security Engineering Department, reinforcing a tradition of excellence in undergraduate research at CYSE,” said Arafin. “Over the last few years, CYSE undergraduate students from our group have earned recognition at multiple national and international venues in transportation and autonomous systems security, notably the best demo award in the 18th Association for Computing Machinery Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks and the first, second, and third places at the National Transportation Cybersecurity Competition. All of these accomplishments highlights both the students’ dedication and the strength of undergraduate research within our CYSE Department.”

In an era where autonomous systems are becoming increasingly common, from household robots to self-driving cars, the team’s work underscores a critical lesson: If a machine’s understanding of the world can be manipulated, so can its behavior. What seems like a harmless household device may, under the hood, share the same vulnerabilities as far more complex systems. And as these students demonstrated, understanding those vulnerabilities is the first step toward securing the future of autonomous technology.

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College of Public Health students deliver cross-disciplinary research on national stage

Taylor Thomas — Mon, 23 Jun 2025 14:44:56 +0000

College of Public Health students deliver cross-disciplinary research on national stage Taylor Thomas Mon, 06/23/2025 - 10:44

The dissemination of research is pivotal to the advancement of public health. Beginning during their undergraduate career, students across 911��'s College of Public Health are trained to hone their skills in conducting and presenting research. At this year’s National Conference for Undergraduate Research (NCUR), six students from the college showcased their work while also building their self-confidence as field practitioners.

“Getting the opportunity to present my research at a national conference during my second year of undergraduate studies truly allowed me to see how capable I am of contributing to bigger things during my time as an undergraduate student,” said community health major and University Scholar Deema Osman, who is working on a clinical science concentration. Overall, my experience at NCUR strengthened my desire to continue devoting my time to the field of public health outside the classroom."

Osman and her co-researcher Daphne Bernal, BS Community Health and Honors College ’25, global health concentration and French minor, presented their work on the effects of (ex)cannabis use on well-being and health communication, through the exploration of Reddit online communities and digital culture.

“Presenting research gave me confidence that I am capable of doing research and presenting it to other students from different subject backgrounds. The college ensured that I had practice presenting and educated me on the context of my research topic,” said Bernal, who will be pursuing a master of public health degree at 911��.

Nallely Calles Ortega presenting at the 2025 National Conference on Undergraduate Research. Photo provided

Nallely Calles Ortega, BSW ‘25, alongside MSW student Betzy Oviedo, BSW '24 and Honors College alum, showcased the research she has done as a part of her advocacy work securing compensation for social work students during their field placements.

“The conference was not just about sharing our findings, but also about growing as scholars and advocates,” Calles Ortega said. "It was inspiring to see the innovative work other undergraduates were doing, and it motivated us to continue building on our research and explore future opportunities for publication and policy impact."

Their research, which consisted of multiple exploratory surveys here at 911�� targeting BSW seniors and MSW students to better understand how unpaid field placements impact their mental health, finances, and academic performance, contributes to the broader national conversation on equity in social work education. The college was pivotal in preparing her to undertake presenting on a national platform.

“Professors like Dr. Daniel Freedman were instrumental in helping us reach our participant goal and improve our response rates. Additionally, the research courses SOCW 471 and SOCW 472 provided us with a strong foundation in research methods and data analysis. I also briefly worked with the Social Work Integrative Research Lab (SWIRL), which further enhanced my skills and understanding of applied research. The mentorship, resources, and academic training from the college gave us the confidence to present our work on a national stage,” Calles Ortega said.

All college student presenters and topics:

Nalley Calles Ortega (Social Work) and Betzy Oviedo (Social Work): Unpaid Internships: Exploring the Hardships of Social Work Students

Deema Osman (Community Health) and Daphńe Bernal (Community Health): Reddit Netnography Exploring (Ex)Cannabis Users’ Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being Outcomes and Understanding the Role of Online Forums for Informal Health Communication

Sandra Le (Dual Major Community Health and Geographic Information Systems): Spatiotemporal Analysis of Vegetation and Water Dynamics in Libya’s Extreme Flood Event 2023 Using Remote Sensing and Google Earth Engine (GEE)

Paris Stephens (Community Health) and Farah Bahr (Community Health): The Effectiveness of Culturally Relevant Breast Cancer Education Messages Tailored for Young Black Women

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