National Science Foundation

NSF grants to support novel space weather prediction models and cybersecurity that could help further non-terrestrial infrastructure

sholla4 — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 18:08:43 +0000

NSF grants to support novel space weather prediction models and cybersecurity that could help further non-terrestrial infrastructure sholla4 Thu, 10/15/2026 - 14:08

Our modern world relies on satellite networks, from television broadcasts, internet connectivity, cell phone service, GPS, defense, weather forecasting, and more. So, what happens when a major space weather event hits one of these satellites, such as a geomagnetic storm caused by a coronal mass ejection? And how can we forecast if these types of events are coming?

Edward Oughton. Photo provided

Edward Oughton, associate professor of geography and geoinformation science in the College of Science at 911��, was recently awarded two grants from the National Science Foundation: $499,837 for "AI-enabled, Uncertainty-Aware Space Weather Risk Characterization and Mitigation for Satellite Operations," and $49,357 as co-PI with Alexander Sprintson, professor and chair of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in the College of Engineering and Computing, for "NSF Workshop on Security Challenges and Research Directions for Space and Non-Terrestrial Networks."

Impacts of space weather vary from minor signal interference to catastrophic satellite damage. But even signal interference, depending on severity, can have major ramifications for society. Disruptions to GPS satellites, for example, can cause inaccuracies in applications that require centimeter-level accuracy, like precision agriculture, or cause critical infrastructure systems that require GPS timing and synchronization signals to malfunction, like power grids or defense systems. Space weather can burn out key satellite components and knock satellites off their trajectories, costing their respective companies upwards of hundreds of millions of dollars.

“When you don’t have reliable forecasts, the critical infrastructure operators are going to take every forecast with a pinch of salt,” said Oughton. “We need to be able to predict and provide decent forecasts for these companies to be able to design systems that can withstand these space weather impacts.” Especially, he notes, as we increase space exploration. “With humans wanting to go back to the moon and then go beyond that, this is going to keep becoming more and more of an issue.”

The nearly $500,000 in funding supports the development of the first end-to-end framework for translating uncertainty in space weather forecasts into actionable risk information for satellite operations, and potential socio-economic impacts, similar to terrestrial weather prediction and risk assessment. This foundational research will combine multiple data sets into machine learning and physics-based models to narrow predictions of geomagnetic storm occurrence, timing, and severity, and their predicted impacts on the nation’s space infrastructure, the economy and society.

“We’re trying to move away from just using crude modeling assumptions to make estimated impacts, toward trying to do integrated scientific engineering modeling where we use the best methods and link them to impacts on the population and businesses,” explained Oughton.

Edward Oughton (top left) and Dennies Bor (bottom left) with ASSIP students. Photo provided.

Along with developing these novel tools, the grant’s education component ensures that the next generation of aspiring scientists and engineers have a hand in learning and creating this critical foundation. Each summer, Oughton takes on a group of high school students as part of the Aspiring Scientists Summer Internship Program (ASSIP).

“This is one thing 911�� does an amazing job with,” he said. Oughton had 25 ASSIP students this summer, working in groups led by his PhD students. “There’s a whole ecosystem of keen scientists coming from these local, high-quality high schools. They develop research projects. They produce research papers: I have examples of students getting first author on papers in peer-reviewed research journals. There’s so much magic happening there.”

Dennies Bor, PhD student in earth systems and geoinformation sciences, has worked with Oughton on previous NSF grants and expects to support this project as well. "Working with Professor Oughton has strengthened my technical skills in modeling, programming, and data analysis, as well as my ability to communicate research...these experiences are helping prepare me for a career as a research scientist," he said.

The second NSF grant will support a workshop convening researchers from academia, industry, and government to identify critical gaps and develop an agenda to improve cybersecurity of space and nonterrestrial networks.

“We’re seeing increased frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks on satellites, partially because the attack surface has massively expanded in recent years due to the huge expansion of global satellite constellations,” said Oughton. “It’s a rapidly evolving field, so we need to come together to sketch out what challenges these companies and organizations are facing and what are possible solutions for long-term security.”

Between these two grants, Oughton and his team are demonstrating the importance of interdisciplinary thinking when it comes to non-terrestrial challenges. “As geography and geo-information scientists, we bring something different to the party, quantitatively tying together different disciplines to support decisions in industry and government” he said. “And I believe both of these grants are great examples of what 911�� can do.”

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How political, cultural, and economic forces can shape the risk of zoonotic disease

Heather Carroll — Mon, 05 Oct 2026 18:37:43 +0000

How political, cultural, and economic forces can shape the risk of zoonotic disease Heather Carroll Mon, 10/05/2026 - 14:37

In eastern Ethiopia, pressures like conflict and displacement are changing how people and their camels travel, shifting livestock into new environments and potentially influencing the risk of zoonotic diseases spreading between animals and humans.

Amira Roess, PhD, MPH. Photo provided

A new study co-led by 911�� infectious disease expert Amira Roess explores these connections as part of a broader look at how politics, culture, economics, and international trade factor into zoonotic disease risk in livestock-herding communities. Published in Social Science & Medicine, the research is part of a long-running international collaboration funded in part by a $2.5 million National Science Foundation grant, for which Roess is principal investigator.

For this paper, researchers interviewed more than 100 people involved in camel herding, care, milking, trading, and slaughter across eastern Ethiopia. They identified several factors that could affect zoonotic disease risk:

People and camels often live in close proximity, and grazing camels can come into contact with other wildlife.
Raw camel milk is widely consumed fresh and unpasteurized.
Conflict and displacement can push people and livestock onto new routes and into wildlife preserves, changing where they encounter other animals.
Trade restrictions and challenges accessing export facilities can push more activity into informal markets outside of disease surveillance systems.

Because diseases that spread between animals and humans account for most emerging infectious diseases, the researchers emphasize the importance of a “One Health” approach, which considers human, animal, and environmental health together.

“When we think about diseases moving between animals and people, we tend to focus on the pathogen or the animal carrying it. This study shows why we also need to understand the broader and more complex circumstances that affect how people and animals interact,” said Roess, professor of global health and epidemiology in the Department of Global and Community Health at the College of Public Health.

Read the full study here.

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Key Takeaways

Conflict, displacement, cultural practices, and international trade can change the interactions of people, livestock, and wildlife, potentially influencing zoonotic disease risk.
The study of camel economies in eastern Ethiopia highlights the importance of a One Health approach that considers human, animal, and environmental health together.

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Microgrids meet the market

Nathan Kahl — Fri, 02 Oct 2026 12:47:36 +0000

Microgrids meet the market Nathan Kahl Fri, 10/02/2026 - 08:47

For a large organization, cutting the electric bill isn't necessarily as simple as using less electricity. In fact, avoiding one brief spike in demand can save far more money than reducing overall consumption.

Alex Brodsky, a professor in the Department of Computer Science. Photo provided

Alex Brodsky, a professor in the 911�� Department of Computer Science, and his research team developed technology that can help organizations make complex decisions about how to manage energy resources and evaluate potential investments.

A $50,000 National Science Foundation (NSF) grant through its Innovation Corps (I-Corps) program is helping Brodsky explore how to move that technology from research to market. I-Corps teaches researchers to evaluate the commercial potential of technologies developed through academic research. Participants identify possible markets and customers and conduct at least 100 interviews with those potential customers.

“The interviews are instrumental,” Brodsky said. “Some of your hypotheses turn out to be false, while other things you hadn't considered turn out to be true.”

Much of this I-Corps work is being led by Xu (Ethan) Han, a former PhD student of Brodsky's who is now a faculty member in 911��'s Department of Computer Science. Han serves as an entrepreneurial lead for the project, called Microgrid Optima.

Microgrids coordinate multiple energy resources within a local energy system. They can integrate electricity from the power grid with on-site generation, energy storage, building systems, and other energy resources.

Microgrid Optima helps determine how those resources should work together. Instead of relying primarily on preset operating schedules, the system can recommend what individual components should do at intervals throughout the day. It can also help organizations decide which new energy resources make financial sense before making potentially expensive investments. Many commercial and industrial customers’ electric bills are determined not by just how much electricity they use, but also by what their peak demand is; a short period of unusually high demand can significantly affect future bills.

An organization might thus choose to use a battery during a demand spike and recharge it later. “Energy storage by itself doesn't save the total amount of energy you use,” Brodsky said, but this strategy may reduce peak usage enough to produce substantial savings. As a result, investing in an expensive battery can sometimes quickly pay for itself.

The challenge is figuring out when such an investment makes sense and how it interacts with everything else in the system. “Thinking of how you invest in each component in isolation is a bad approach, because the components have a very strong operational interaction,” he said.

The team is exploring a range of potential markets for the technology, with the I-Corps interviews helping identify which types of organizations and energy environments present the strongest opportunities. One seemingly obvious market, data centers, is less promising because their operators place a much higher priority on securing enough electrical capacity than on reducing costs.

Microgrid Optima draws on decision-guidance technology Brodsky's research group developed over many years and applied to problems ranging from energy and autonomous vehicles to pandemic response. During the COVID pandemic, Brodsky worked with 911�� epidemiologist Amira Roess in the College of Public Health to develop a system for evaluating combinations of testing, contact tracing, symptom reporting, and other mitigation measures. The university adopted many of the team's recommendations.

The I-Corps program could be an early step toward bringing the latest application of that technology to customers. After the team's interviews help identify its most promising market, Brodsky said, other federal programs, including Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer funding, could provide routes toward commercialization.

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After historic sewage spill, 911�� researchers monitor for long-term impacts with support from NSF grant

sholla4 — Thu, 24 Sep 2026 14:59:50 +0000

After historic sewage spill, 911�� researchers monitor for long-term impacts with support from NSF grant sholla4 Thu, 09/24/2026 - 10:59

On January 19, 2026, a sewer line in Montgomery County, Maryland, collapsed. More than 240 million gallons of wastewater overflowed into the Potomac River. It was one of the largest sewage spills in United States history, right in 911��'s backyard.

While a temporary fix to the pipe was completed in March and DC Water continues to actively remediate the area, questions of long-term impact to this distinctive tidal freshwater estuary system linger. The team at 911��'s Potomac Environmental Research and Education Center (PEREC) hopes to find answers.

This summer, seven 911�� researchers received a RAPID grant of $299,886 from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to investigate how the sewage spill may have impacted water quality, aquatic life, and the overall health of the estuary. Led by co-PIs Amy Fowler, associate professor and interim director of PEREC, and Jennifer Salerno, associate professor of environmental science and policy and faculty fellow at PEREC, the grant team includes environmental science and policy faculty Thomas Reid Nelson, Cindy Smith, and Rosalina Christova, as well as Brittany Hupp, assistant professor of atmospheric, oceanic and earth sciences, and Benoit Van Aken, associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry.

Students and alumni collect water samples in Gunston Cove for PEREC researchers. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

One defining feature of PEREC—and the reason why this team was awarded the NSF grant—is its historical record of Gunston Cove water samples dating back to 1984. That data is invaluable in a project like this, as it gives the researchers points of comparison. And prior to receiving the NSF grant, the team was already taking samples, with support of seed funding from the College of Science, to start tracking the effects of the sewage spill as early as February 2026.

"We have 11 different sampling locations where we sample water quality and organisms each month," said Fowler. Their partners in the Potomac River Keeper Network, the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, and others are also aiding in sampling along the river.

Water quality monitoring includes standard measures such as temperature, salinity, clarity, and nutrients. The team is including a few additional measures. Checking for traces of PFAS, the chemical used on Teflon pans, is one addition, led by Van Aken. Hupp is monitoring heavy metals.

The team is also utilizing new technology: environmental DNA (eDNA). Macro- and microscopic species leave detectable traces of DNA as they interact with and move through the environment. Through an environmental sample—such as a water sample—researchers can detect the presence of the organism in an area from their DNA and map biodiversity without needing to directly sample or see the organisms themselves, from phytoplankton to fish.

"Typically, if you have big, severe, acute disturbances like this, you'll expect to see reductions in diversity," Salerno said. "So, we're going to test that theory, as well as examine if those changes affect the food web."

Students and alumni sample the waters of Gunston Cove. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

Funding for the project ends in May 2027, though PEREC's standard water and organismal sampling in Gunston Cove, funded by Fairfax County, will continue to keep building their extensive library of historic data.

A second component of the NSF grant is tying this research into teaching and outreach—a good fit for PEREC, whose key pillars include educational outreach. Findings from this research will be incorporated into the Meaningful Watershed Educational Experiences (MWEEs) program with Fairfax County Public Schools, led by environmental science and policy professor Cindy Smith. The team has also recruited more than 10 graduate, undergraduate, and high school student researchers. They will be trained in sampling, laboratory analysis, data interpretation, and science communication, and paired with graduate student mentors for additional support.

"The outcomes of this research could have a significant impact on how organizations prioritize and allocate funding in the future. In addition, the opportunity for students to gain hands-on field and/or laboratory experience through such a high-profile project would be an invaluable professional experience and meaningful addition to their resumes," said Fowler.

Students and alumni sample the waters of Gunston Cove. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

Contaminated drinking water reservoirs and disease spread as a result of a large sewage spill in a public water source are, of course, top concerns. But Fowler and Salerno both note the cultural value of the river as well, and the importance of keeping it clean.

"There's been a cultural shift over the past few decades that has increased regional interest in the waterfront," Salerno added. "More and more, people want to use these water systems for recreation, which means there's growing interest in the water being clean and in conserving the ecosystem."

"The Potomac is known as the 'Nation's River' because it flows through the heart of the nation’s capital," said Fowler. "It’s history also played an important role in raising awareness about the nation’s water pollution crisis and the need for stronger protections."

The co-PIs noted that none of this work would be possible without continued collaboration and cooperation amongst the PEREC researchers and faculty.

"This grant is the culmination of years of expertise, effort, and collaboration," said Salerno. "We all specialize in different areas, with unique strengths and research backgrounds. But the river is what brings us together."

Students and alumni collect water samples in Gunston Cove for PEREC researchers. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

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Autonomous blimps take flight at EagleBank Arena: 2nd annual Airborne Robotics Cup inspires future STEM innovators

Nathan Kahl — Tue, 08 Sep 2026 19:04:00 +0000

Autonomous blimps take flight at EagleBank Arena: 2nd annual Airborne Robotics Cup inspires future STEM innovators Nathan Kahl Tue, 09/08/2026 - 15:04

The floor of EagleBank Arena buzzed with high-tech aerial excitement on August 15 as 911�� hosted the culmination of the second annual Airborne Robotics Cup (ARC 2026). The STEM outreach competition ran an intense 12-hour tournament featuring dynamic, lighter-than-air autonomous blimp “soccer” matches.

Lighter-than-air vehicles prepare for battle. Photo credit Yidi Huang.

ARC was founded and organized by Ningshi Yao, assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) and director of the Control, Intelligent Autonomy, and Optimization (CIAO) Lab. It was co-organized by the Capital Youth Outreach Club (CYOC).

The initiative serves as a core component of Yao’s National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award. As part of the award’s integrated education plan, it translates university research in robotics, control theory, and autonomous systems into transformative hands-on learning for K-12 students, with vital venue, equipment, and organizational backing from the College of Engineering and Computing (CEC) and the Mason Autonomy and Robotics Center (MARC).

The tournament received enthusiastic support and on-site participation from CEC leadership and its academic departments. Ariela Sofer, divisional dean of the Volgenau School of Engineering, kicked off the morning session by encouraging students to pursue curiosity and explore the expansive possibilities within engineering. During the evening awards ceremony, Amarda Shehu, associate dean for research, celebrated the students’ accomplishments and underscored the transformative impact of early engagement with robotics and artificial intelligence, alongside Alex Sprintson, ECE chair, who recognized the exceptional ingenuity and technical rigor demonstrated by the competitors.

Alex Sprintson, ECE department Chair; Ariela Sofer, divisional dean of the Volgenau School of Engineering; student Ningshi Yao; student Aaron Liu; and Capital Youth Outreach Club co-organizer Jun Zhao. Photo credit John Liu.

Adding to the strong departmental support, Pelin Kurtay, ECE associate chair, attended to engage with participants and cheer on the young roboticists. Leigh McCue, chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, joined the morning awards session to deliver encouraging remarks on multidisciplinary engineering and present awards to the winning teams across the morning’s two competition groups.

Building on last year's debut success, ARC expanded exponentially in 2026. The program received more than 180 applications, and through a highly competitive selection process, 16 talented finalist teams comprising more than 80 middle and high school students earned spots in the tournament.

Rather than a standalone one-day competition, ARC represents a comprehensive two-month summer engineering program. Over the past seven weeks, students dedicated their weekends to four intensive in-person training sessions and four hands-on practice sessions at MARC. Led by Yao, alongside ECE PhD student Ahnaf Asif Khan, graduate student Yojan Gautam, and former 911�� Aspiring Scientists Summer Internship Program participants Adam Bhatti and Harry Yu, the mentorship team taught students foundational mechatronics skills from the ground up, including soldering, assembling basic blimp kits, embedded programming, and custom 3D printing.

Student leadership and authentic engineering problem-solving took center stage throughout ARC2026. Reflecting on the engineering hurdles of lighter-than-air robotics, Lucas Liu, a junior from Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology and captain of Team 14, noted, "Working with blimps taught our team very quickly that every single gram matters. Through constant iteration, we redesigned parts and switched to lighter microcontrollers, bringing the total weight down to 70% of the original."

Aaron Liu, captain of Team 12 and representing his team from Luther Jackson Middle School, echoed the value of hands-on troubleshooting, "Building and flying a robot is a lot more complicated than watching one fly. Engineering problems don’t always happen when it's convenient, and solutions don't come linearly. You just have to keep going one step at a time," said Aaron.

Reflecting on the broader impact and purpose of the initiative, Yao emphasized the long-term growth of the participants. "ARC is far more than just a competition," said Yao. "It is a launchpad for lifelong skills, including problem solving, critical thinking, teamwork, leadership, and resilience. Today is a celebration of taking ideas from concept to reality, embracing setbacks, and learning through hands-on trial and error."

Winning teams celebrate their achievements alongside faculty and mentors during the awards presentation. Photo credit Yidi Huang.

That transformative experience resonated strongly with families across the community. "Your continuous support, patience, guidance, and extra effort meant so much to them and to us as parents," shared Sisi Jou, parent of Team 15 competitor Skylon Jou. "Skylon already said he definitely wants to participate again next year and hopes to come back even stronger!"

Building on the tremendous energy and success of this second edition, the CIAO Lab and its partners are already preparing to expand ARC for summer 2027 by increasing team capacity, broadening community outreach, and continuing to cement 911�� as a premier hub for youth robotics innovation.

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Smithsonian-Mason REU helps aspiring conservation scientists find their path

ckearney — Tue, 08 Sep 2026 18:19:59 +0000

Smithsonian-Mason REU helps aspiring conservation scientists find their path ckearney Tue, 09/08/2026 - 14:19

For Olivia “Liv” Laurie, one of the defining moments of her summer research experience came while holding a baby bird in her hands.

Laurie, a student at Mount Holyoke University, spent 10 weeks this summer working with American kestrels, North America’s smallest raptor, at the Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation (SMSC) in Front Royal, Virginia. She helped monitor cameras in nearly 70 nest boxes, band kestrel nestlings, and analyze GPS and camera data to better understand how the birds move across the landscape and what prey they bring back to their nests.

“The fieldwork was one of my favorite parts,” she said. “It’s an awe-inspiring experience to be able to hold this raptor that’s so important for our environment.”

Laurie was one of just 10 undergraduates selected from nearly 800 applicants for the Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) funded by the National Science Foundation. The students came from around the country to spend the summer immersed in field- and laboratory-based conservation research at the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute’s 3,200-acre campus.

At SMSC, a partnership between 911�� and the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute designed to educate the next generation of conservation leaders, students work alongside Smithsonian scientists and conservation practitioners while conducting hands-on research focused on endangered species and biodiversity. 911�� is one of the few universities to partner with the Smithsonian Institution in this way.

For the students, the experience offered something that cannot be easily replicated in a classroom: the chance to find out what doing conservation science actually looks—and feels—like. That was exactly the kind of experience Laurie was looking for. “One of my goals coming into this program was to explore research as a career and see if it was something I was interested in,” she said.

The REU gave her a much broader view of the possibilities. “There are tons of different fields in conservation that I didn’t even know existed before I came here,” she said.

For Laurie, that meant working with Smithsonian researcher Joe Kolowski on a project examining American kestrel movements and feeding behaviors. The findings can help scientists understand how kestrels are using the Virginia landscape—and ultimately provide information that can help protect them.

REU students Maria Cornejo and David Campos worked on reproductive technologies for threatened Przewalski's horses and whooping cranes. Photo by Cristian Torres/Office of University Branding

Maria Cornejo, a junior from Penn State, came to the program already thinking about a career as a wildlife veterinarian. She was initially drawn in by the REU’s title, “Saving Endangered Species and Habitats,” and the prospect of working on such projects.

While working with Smithsonian scientist Budhan Pukazhenthi on reproductive technologies for threatened ungulate conservation, Cornejo had the opportunity to interact with the endangered Przewalski's horses. Seeing the Smithsonian’s veterinarians in action brought clarity to Cornejo’s career goals. “It helped me to see this is what I want to do,” she said.

The experience also helped David Campos of Dominican University hone in on possibilities for graduate studies as well as careers. “You get to experience so many different aspects of conservation, and you're exposed to a lot of different lab techniques, scientists, different career paths,” he said. “[The REU was] definitely a fundamental step in trying to figure out what kind of scientist you want to become.”

Campos, who spent his summer working on a cryo-preservation protocol for whooping crane sperm, also found some of the most valuable lessons came when the research didn’t go as expected, and he appreciated having a mentor there—Nucharin Songsasen, head of the Smithsonian’s Center for Species Survival—to guide him.

“There can be the real setbacks when doing research,” he said. “Being with a mentor that's very open to giving suggestions and guidance was essential. I'm really glad that I had that experience now instead of experiencing it by myself on a larger-scale research project.”

These are the kinds of experiences that Elizabeth Freeman, executive director of SMSC and an associate professor in 911��'s School of Integrative Studies, and Anneke DeLuycker, professor of conservation studies, hope the students will take away.

Biology major Valerie Hernandez of Evergreen State University spent the summer exploring nutritional forage quality and tradeoffs in bird-friendly haying. Photo by Cristian Torres/Office of University Branding

This summer was the first of three SMSC will offer with the NSF REU funding, Freeman said, and its organization was reflective of the experiences offered in the semester-away programs that SMSC offers twice a year. SMSC has hosted students from more than 70 universities and colleges at its semester-away programs

“We try to offer a range of project types—lab-based, field-based, some are even computer-based,” said Freeman, who also served as one of the mentors this summer, sharing her African rhino behavioral research with Henry Reinke of Williams College.

The diversity of subjects extended beyond birds and mammals and included reptiles as well as plants and trees.

The REU began in June with a “bootcamp” covering such topics as how to establish a research project, writing a resume, and best practices for conservation success to get the students up to speed quickly. Then, while the students conducted their research, one day a week was devoted to professional development. On those days, DeLuycker offered lessons on the business side of being a scientist—developing an abstract, creating a poster, and communicating research, all working toward the final presentations the students gave before an audience on their last day of the REU.

Those discussions were followed by an afternoon colloquium series where guest speakers from the Smithsonian and affiliated conservation groups came to talk about various case studies in conservation, emphasizing successes and future directions, as well as highlighting emerging or innovative solutions in conservation.

DeLuycker said she was extremely impressed by the quality of the students’ presentations and the REU cohort overall. “Their talks were polished, highly professional, and insightful,” she said. “This group really bonded. It was lovely to see them relying on each other for advice and sharing exciting, fun moments over meals.”

Environmental biology major Charlie Shivers of DePauw University spent the summer studying forests' long-term responses to climate change. Photo by Cristian Torres/Office of University Branding

One of the challenges, Freeman said, was whittling down the 800 quality applicants to 10 recipients. For the final stage of the process, they provided each mentor with 10 to 12 applicants to evaluate. When reviewing the applicants, Freeman said they prioritized candidates who expressed a desire to engage in scientific research, but had limited access to these types of experiences that an R1 research university like 911�� can provide.

911�� alumnus and former Board of Visitors Rector Jimmy Hazel established a scholarship to encourage REU participants to continue their academic experience at SMSC. The James W. Hazel Scholarship will provide $10,000 to each REU participant who enrolls in one of the semester-away programs.

The NSF- REU program helps open doors for emerging scientists—creating opportunities for students to discover the challenges of conservation work and the impact they can have in protecting species and ecosystems around the world.

911�� is one of the first 14 institutions to receive Carnegie's new classification for sustainability. Read More >>

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Andre Marshall to join National Science Foundation; Aurali Dade named Interim Vice President for Research, Innovation, and Economic Impact

ckearney — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 14:56:34 +0000

Andre Marshall to join National Science Foundation; Aurali Dade named Interim Vice President for Research, Innovation, and Economic Impact ckearney Thu, 08/27/2026 - 10:56

911�� Provost and Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs Marion Underwood today announced that Andre Marshall, vice president for research, innovation, and economic impact, has accepted an assignment with the National Science Foundation (NSF) as program director, Strategic Partnerships Hub.

Andre Marshall. Photo by Office of University Branding

Since joining George Mason in 2021, Marshall has played a pivotal role in advancing the university’s research enterprise and entrepreneurial ecosystem and strengthening the university's reputation as a leading public R1 institution, including launching the Grand Challenge Initiative and empowering institute-driven initiatives like Nexus234 and the Virginia Climate Center.

During Marshall’s tenure, George Mason expanded research activity and strategic partnerships, increased engagement with federal agencies and industry partners, strengthened innovation and technology commercialization efforts, and elevated the university's national visibility in several emerging areas of research and discovery, including quantum research and space exploration.

“Andre has been instrumental in accelerating 911��’s research excellence and economic impact. He has been a pivotal partner with me in driving our investments in quantum and the innovation district anchored by the Science and Technology Campus,” said President Gregory Washington. “Through the Grand Challenge Initiative, Andre has brought together faculty, researchers, students, and external partners through interdisciplinary collaboration and impactful scholarship, helping to solidify 911�� as a leader in driving innovations that will transform lives and the planet.”

To ensure continuity of leadership, Provost Underwood has appointed Aurali Dade as interim vice president for research, innovation, and economic impact, effective August 31.

Aurali Dade. Photo by Office of University Branding

"I want to thank Andre for leading the research enterprise, central to 911��’s mission and future, and transforming our internal infrastructure to drive excellence and increased support to local units. We remain committed to faculty research, strengthening partnerships, and advancing the discoveries that serve our students, our communities, and the world," Underwood said. “Aurali’s leadership experience and commitment to research excellence make her exceptionally well suited to guide the enterprise during this transition.”

Dade brings extensive experience in research administration, strategy, and operations and previously served as interim vice president for research, innovation, and economic impact in 2020-21. She currently serves as the vice president for enterprise risk management and chief risk officer, which she will continue in during this interim period, and recently spent 3.5 years at the NSF as a program director in the Technology, Innovation and Partnerships (TIP) directorate.

The university will launch a national search for the next vice president for research, innovation, and economic impact. Additional information regarding the search process and timeline will be shared in the coming months.

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NSF CAREER award allows researcher to look under AI’s hood

Nathan Kahl — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 16:30:48 +0000

NSF CAREER award allows researcher to look under AI’s hood Nathan Kahl Mon, 07/20/2026 - 12:30

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Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are now part of everyday life, writing software, tidying up your shopping list, and answering questions. While we know they sit on top of large language models (LLMs), we still understand surprisingly little about what happens inside these systems or what is helping them generate responses.

Ziyu Yao. Photo provided

911�� Department of Computer Science Assistant Professor Ziyu Yao received a prestigious National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER award for $674,100 over five years to peel the layers back on AI. Specifically, Yao will develop new methods for understanding the internal mechanisms of LLMs. Her research aims to make these AI systems more transparent and useful.

"We use language model–powered products every day, but we have very limited understanding of how they actually work," Yao said. Most efforts to evaluate AI systems focus on their behavior. Researchers give a model a prompt and judge the quality of its response. Yao's work instead focuses on mechanistic interpretability, an emerging field that examines what happens inside a language model as it processes information.

"If we send something to the model, we want to see how it extracts features or signals from my input and gradually performs computations before producing an answer," she said.

As language models have grown dramatically in size, that task is increasingly difficult. Today's leading models contain potentially hundreds of billions of parameters. And Yao said, "The interpretability research community has not caught up. Many traditional approaches cannot be efficiently applied to today's language models."

The project focuses specifically on AI-powered code generation, in which users describe a programming task in natural language and an AI system generates software code. Code generation is an increasingly important application of LLMs, with uses including software engineering and scientific research.

Yao's team will investigate how LLMs apply programming syntax, recall semantic knowledge, and perform deliberate reasoning while writing code. The researchers will also study how training data and learning methods influence those internal mechanisms and explore how interpretability insights can be used to improve AI coding systems.

Current interpretability studies often require researchers to manually design experiments, collecting internal model signals and analyzing the results. Yao plans to develop a framework that automates much of that process using AI itself, allowing researchers to study LLMs more efficiently.

At the same time, she wants interpretability research to produce practical benefits rather than simply satisfying scientific curiosity.

"We want to build the bridge between what we discover about language models and how that knowledge can improve them," Yao said. "Can interpretability actually help us build better AI systems?"

Although commercial AI systems such as ChatGPT are proprietary, Yao and colleagues primarily study open-weight language models that are downloadable. These models are becoming increasingly competitive with commercial systems while supporting the transparency needed for scientific research.

An expectation with the award and a hallmark of the CAREER program is a plan for broader impact. Yao hopes to expand AI literacy through outreach programs, create new curricula and open-source educational resources, provide undergraduate research opportunities, and foster collaborations between researchers in artificial intelligence and software engineering.

"I think we should encourage the younger generation to embrace AI," Yao said. "But at the same time, they should be skeptical, think critically, and be careful about what they are reading from AI."

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911�� researcher is using CAREER award to build brain-inspired AI that is more adaptive

Nathan Kahl — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 18:49:00 +0000

911�� researcher is using CAREER award to build brain-inspired AI that is more adaptive Nathan Kahl Tue, 07/07/2026 - 14:49

In This Story

Maryam Parsa

Though artificial intelligence (AI) is making extraordinary advances, today's AI systems still have significant limitations. They often require enormous computing power and energy (not to mention well-documented water usage), struggle to adapt when conditions change, and can make decisions in ways that are difficult for humans to interpret, validate, or trust.

Maryam Parsa. Photo provided

Maryam Parsa, assistant professor in 911��'s Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, believes those shortcomings point toward a compelling source of inspiration: the human brain.

Parsa received a five-year, $655,000 National Science Foundation Early Career Development (CAREER) Award for developing a new framework for brain-inspired AI. The project seeks to make AI systems more efficient, adaptable, resilient, and transparent by borrowing principles from biological nervous systems.

"AI was originally inspired by the brain," Parsa said. "Concepts such as neurons, synapses, and neural networks drew inspiration from how brains process information. But over time, AI has moved farther away from those biological principles.”

Parsa believes researchers now have an opportunity to reconnect AI and neuroscience. “Neuroscience advanced tremendously over the past few decades, with only a small fraction of those discoveries finding their way into AI systems.”

As computing power grew, researchers found AI systems could make major gains by scaling neural networks and training them on massive datasets. The approach, fueled by increasingly powerful computers, is leading to significant breakthroughs, particularly with the rise of large language models (LLMs).

"They are producing remarkable devices," she said. "The progress we see in LLMs and modern AI grew out of relatively simple neural-network ideas. Over time, researchers added more layers, more data, more computational power, and more sophisticated training methods, leading to powerful systems.”

The goal is not to replace today's successful AI systems with direct copies of the brain. Instead, her research focuses on areas where current AI falls short. "We know some of the key challenges AI still faces," she said. "It can be difficult to understand how these systems reach their decisions, and they do not always transfer well when conditions, data, or environments change. That is where biological intelligence can offer useful design principles.”

When today’s AI systems encounter unfamiliar environments or changing conditions, they often need to be retrained or fine-tuned. Biological intelligence, however, is remarkably adaptable and energy efficient, offering clues to how future AI systems could learn and respond more flexibly.

Her CAREER project builds a unified framework around three characteristics of biological intelligence. The first pillar, dimensionality, examines how the brain creates meaningful representations of the world rather than simply processing raw information. The second, heterogeneity, explores the brain's remarkable diversity. Rather than relying on identical neurons performing tasks, biological brains contain many neuron types with distinct behaviors. "The brain is not copy, paste, copy, paste, copy, paste,” she said.

The third pillar, nonlinearity, draws inspiration from the retina, which performs extensive processing before visual information reaches the brain. "It's not like the raw pixels go directly to our central brain," Parsa said. "The retina digests and processes the information first."

Parsa said the broader idea is combining these principles into a more biologically inspired approach to AI. “If I know how to process my input, create a better representation of my environment, and leverage this massive heterogeneity, then I can move AI a little closer to the way biological intelligence works,” she said.

Beyond advancing AI research, the project includes an educational effort to help students see how ideas from the brain can shape the future of computing and artificial intelligence. Parsa plans to bring these concepts into graduate courses, hands-on hackathons, and STEM outreach activities for K-12 students, creating new pathways for students to explore the intersection of neuroscience, engineering, and AI.

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A CAREER in robot learning

Nathan Kahl — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 15:15:43 +0000

A CAREER in robot learning Nathan Kahl Mon, 07/06/2026 - 11:15

What if a robot could learn from another robot's experience instead of starting from scratch every time it encountered a new task? That question is at the center of new research by 911�� assistant professor Xuan Wang, who received a five-year, $640,000 Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award from the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Xuan Wang. Photo provided

The CAREER award, NSF's most prestigious honor for early-career faculty, will support Wang's efforts to develop new methods that allow robots to transfer knowledge more efficiently, reliably, and safely across different tasks, environments, and even different types of robots.

Today's learning-based robots often require enormous amounts of data and repeated trial-and-error to master new tasks. Wang's research aims to dramatically reduce that burden by helping robots determine what information from previous experiences is actually useful and how to apply it effectively.

"Robot learning is very time-consuming and computationally expensive," said Wang. "The idea is to leverage knowledge that another robot has already gained instead of learning everything from the beginning."

The project combines Wang's background in control theory, optimization, and multi-agent systems with modern machine learning techniques. Rather than treating knowledge transfer as a collection of trial-and-error, Wang will develop a mathematical framework allowing robots to determine when transferred knowledge will improve performance and when it should be ignored.

"We want robots to reason about when transfer learning is beneficial and when it is not," he said. "If there are many other robots to learn from, how can a robot quickly identify which one will provide the most useful knowledge?"

Consider a wheeled robot exploring a building and learning where rescue targets are located but being unable to access them because it can’t go up stairs. When a legged robot enters the same building, it can “learn” from the first and apply its own abilities to climb steps and find the target. Wang's research identifies what information transfers successfully despite differences in hardware.

A legged rescue robot could move through a building after learning from another robot where a rescue target is located. Photo provided.

Potential applications include teams of aerial and ground robots working together during disaster response, sharing information to search damaged buildings more efficiently. Agricultural robots could reuse knowledge gathered by other machines instead of repeatedly mapping fields from scratch. Security robots could improve patrol routes by learning from previous deployments.

Regarding his research progression, Wang said, "I saw an opportunity to combine my background in optimization and networked systems with modern robot learning. That became the foundation for this CAREER project."

The award also supports education and outreach activities. Wang will continue expanding RoboArt, a program that introduces elementary school students to robotics by inviting them to draw their own robot designs. Undergraduate researchers then use artificial intelligence tools to convert drawings into 3D-printable models before giving the finished creations to the students.

The project also will support graduate student training, undergraduate research experiences, and new educational materials that connect theoretical concepts with hands-on robotic systems.

"This project is about making robot learning more efficient, more reliable, and more explainable," Wang said. "If robots can learn from one another in a principled way, they'll be able to solve new problems much more quickly and safely."

In This Story

Xuan Wang

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