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Twenty 911�� researchers receive 4-VA funding for collaborative research

Katarina Benson — Thu, 08 Oct 2026 16:11:33 +0000

Twenty 911�� researchers receive 4-VA funding for collaborative research Katarina Benson Thu, 10/08/2026 - 12:11

4-VA@Mason, part of the 4-VA state network, has announced 20 collaborative research awards for 911�� faculty members for the 2026-27 academic year. The selected proposals were chosen from the largest number of submissions received since the program’s inception more than a decade ago.

4-VA is a statewide consortium of nine Virginia higher education institutions that encourages collaboration and relationship-building across the humanities and sciences and provides seed funding for novel research projects. The program provides a foundation that builds on the strengths of each institution, reduces the redundancies of working in silos, and affords opportunities for student experiential research.

Robotics are a vital part of the 4-VA projects this year. Photo by Ron Aira/Office of University Branding

“Our 4-VA program is a wonderful example of how supporting cross-institutional efforts can improve higher education and boost faculty and student research, which benefits our state and beyond,” said Janette Muir, 4-VA@Mason campus coordinator and vice provost for academic affairs.

In addition to 911��, the other members of the 4-VA consortium are Christopher Newport University (CNU), the College of William and Mary (W&M), James Madison University (JMU), Old Dominion University (ODU), Radford University (RU), University of Virginia (UVA), Virginia Military Institute, and Virginia Tech (VT).

Listed below are 911�� faculty acting as lead principal investigator (PI) for collaborative research grants this cycle and collaborating institutions:

Breana Bayraktar, Stearns Center for Teaching and Learning, A Cross-Institutional Study of AI-Influenced Feedback Practices (UVA, JMU, W&M)
Sungsoo Ray Hong, College of Engineering and Computing (CEC), Multi-Robot Video Sensemaking for Urban Missing Person Search in Public Safety Operations (VT)
Emily Ihara, College of Public Health (CPH), Opening Minds Through Art in Virginia (JMU)
Jennifer Salerno, Potomac Environmental Research and Education Center (PEREC), Characterizing the influence of the coral microbiome on coral resilience and restoration potential of American Samoa’s reefs (ODU)
Daniel W. Smith, CEC, Disinfection Byproduct Formation Mechanisms and Toxicity at the Solid-Liquid Interface of Chlorocyanurate Tablets (VT)
Monique van Hoek, College of Science, Breaking Down Silicate Like Sea Sponges: Using Bacteria to Produce a Biocatalyst for Rare Earth Element Extraction (VT)
Allison Ward, College of Education and Human Development, Virginia Coaching Collaborative: Improving Clinical Practicum Experiences for Reading Specialist Candidates (JMU, RU, UVA)
Xuesu Xiao, CEC, Agile, Proactive, and Autonomous First Responder Robots (UVA)

Additionally, partner 4-VA institutions have called on 911�� faculty for their expertise and experience in a wide variety of areas to act as co-PI in research efforts at other schools. These faculty members have received supplemental funding known as complementary grants:

Lab work in action. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

Tanvir Arafin, CEC, ANCHOR: Analog–Cyber Sensing for Secure Energy Infrastructure (UVA)
Karen Grace, CPH, Sexual Violence and Reproductive Coercion Among College Students with Disabilities (UVA)
Moinul Hossain, CEC, Machine Learning-Driven Predictive Secure Beamforming for NextG UAV Networks (JMU)
Brittany Johnson-Matthews, CEC, Beyond Chat: Generative User Interfaces (UI) for AI-Guided Developer Onboarding in Large-Scale Codebases (VT)
Mirae Kim, Schar School of Policy and Government, Leading Change Conference 2027: Interdisciplinary Perspectives in Leadership Studies (JMU) and Scaling Up Nonprofit Health and Resiliency Assessment in Virginia Funding Proposal (JMU)
Yi-Ching Lee, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Understanding Autistic Adults’ Needs with Executive Functioning Support Apps (UVA)
Cynthia Smith, PEREC, EcoQuests: Reconnecting Youth with Nature through Digital Exploration of Urban Greenspace (VT)
Chaowei Yang, COS, AI-Enabled, Stakeholder-Integrated, Context-Sensitive Data Center Planning Framework (VT)
Ziyu Yao, CEC, Improving Safety in Large Language Model Responses Targeted at Youth (UVA)
Xiaokuan Zhang, CEC, Building Trustworthy Audit Systems via Hardware Security Primitives (UVA)

Additionally, 4-VA@Mason will be supporting an extension of a 2025-26 project:

Quentin Saunders, CEC, Restoring Functional Grasp in Stroke Survivors: A Semi-Autonomous Hand Exoskeleton with Coordinated Thumb-Finger Sequencing (UVA).

“Quentin and his team have made exciting advances in the development of a hand exoskeleton for stroke victims, which has been very well received in testing. However, with just a little more work, they believe the exoskeleton can be expanded for a much broader range of tasks for use in activities of daily living,” Muir said. “It’s just this type of project that 4-VA can bring to life.”

The next cycle of proposals for the academic year 2027-28 will open mid-December 2026 and will be found on the 4-VA@Mason website. Questions can be directed to mason4va@gmu.edu.

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911�� and UVA Wise researchers use phylogenomics to identify cyanobacteria in Shenandoah River

Katarina Benson — Fri, 29 May 2026 18:15:40 +0000

911�� and UVA Wise researchers use phylogenomics to identify cyanobacteria in Shenandoah River Katarina Benson Fri, 05/29/2026 - 14:15

You’ve probably seen slimy mats of brownish green clinging to rocks in streams or on lake beds, and perhaps not given it another thought. But 911��’s Rosalina Stancheva Christova has.

Mats in the Shenandoah River. Photo provided

Christova, an assistant professor in the College of Science, has been researching Microcoleus, a common mat-forming cyanobacterium found in streams and lakes worldwide, for more than 20 years. The troublesome thing about Microcoleus is that some strains pose a risk to human, animal, and aquatic ecosystem health, but others do not.

Christova leads the Algal Ecology Lab at 911�� and wanted to learn more about Microcoleus in 911��’s backyard—the Shenandoah River. To do so, she reached out to a colleague at University of Virginia Wise, A. Bruce Cahoon, who shared her interest in the research. Together, Christova and Cahoon set out to study the species’ diversity, distribution, and toxicity in the Shenandoah.

4-VA approved their collaborative research grant proposal, “Integrative Characterization of the Anatoxin-a-Producing Benthic Cyanobacterial Genus Microcoleus in the Shenandoah River,” and Christova and Cahoon got to work. Research began with the collection of benthic mats over a two-year period from 11 sites in the North and South Forks of the Shenandoah River.

It proved successful and surprising, revealing a stunning breakthrough in identification of Microcoleus collected from the river. Some of the bacteria was not actually Microcoleus after all, but a genus called Limnofasciculus that was discovered in 2023. Christova and team recently published their findings in Environmental Microbiology Reports.

Cyanobacterium specimens. Photo provided

In all, the team identified six species and isolated two monoclonal Microcoleus strains, one nontoxic and one producing anatoxin-a.

“Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that both strains belong to the genus Microcoleus. The toxic strain was most closely related to M. anatoxicus from California, confirming the wide distribution of this problematic cyanobacterium,” said Christova.

Christova credits her large team for doing the good but difficult work. She was supported by her co-PI Benoit Van Aken, an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Pat Gillevet, director of the Microbiome Analysis Center. Graduate students Jacob Mormando, Sydney Brown and Rwan Alsaadi also worked on the project.

Mormando collected a sample with novel Limnofasciculus species for genome analysis and conducted temperature experiments with the toxic Microcoleus strain. Brown handled molecular and morphological studies of the species, field work collecting benthic cyanobacteria from the river, molecular work and cyanobacteria culturing. Alsaadi developed distributional and ecological data and collected benthic cyanobacteria from the river.

From left, Rwan Alsaadi, Sydney Brown, Jacob Mormando, A. Bruce Cahoon, and Rosalina Christova in the lab at the Potomac Science Center. Photo provided

Undergraduate students also played a role in the effort. Biology major Armon Ghaffari did data analysis of Microcoleus distribution in the river samples, and environmental science major Emma Boyden oversaw the laboratory maintenance of cyanobacterial cultures.

Two undergrads at UVA Wise, Amelia Clark and Matthew Sullivan, prepared molecular work.

Additionally, Janice Lawrence and Cecilio Valadez-Cano of the University of New Brunswick, Canada, helped with the molecular studies. Another important collaborator on the project was Gordon M. Selckmann, associate director for Aquatic Habitats at Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin (ICPRB). The 4-VA team used some of the field material Selckmann collected as part of an ongoing investigation of the benthic harmful algal blooms in the Shenandoah River funded by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and ICPRB.

The team is now sharing their findings and have presented at the Society for Freshwater Science Annual Meeting, the Southeastern Phycological Colloquy, the Potomac River Conference, and the 2025 Biennial Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation Meeting in Richmond, Virginia.

“The 4-VA@Mason funding was very important to me, as it supported the establishment of my research lab, fostered the development of regional and international research collaborations, and provided funding for undergraduate and graduate students interested in aquatic and cyanobacterial research,” said Christova.

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911�� and UVA researchers look into the future of hydrogen sensors

Katarina Benson — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 14:50:07 +0000

911�� and UVA researchers look into the future of hydrogen sensors Katarina Benson Thu, 12/11/2025 - 09:50

As the use of underwater, aerial, and unmanned ground vehicles continues to grow, it is critical that the fuel cells necessary to power these systems operate safely, while providing durable and optimal performance. High-performance hydrogen sensors, which monitor leakage, energy efficiency, and durability under a wide range of operating conditions, are key to this function.

Pilgyu Kang. Photo provided

Currently, palladium-based electrochemical hydrogen sensors are primarily used; however, they often exhibit low sensitivity, a slow response rate, and mechanical instability. Hybrid materials are emerging as a better solution, but questions remain regarding their efficacy.

That was the crux of the request for 4-VA funding from 911��’s Pilgyu Kang and Stephen Baek of the University of Virginia. Kang saw an opportunity to explore this new avenue in hydrogen sensing, but also saw the need to integrate Baek’s expertise in scientific machine learning to identify optimal design parameters—including nanoparticle size, distribution, surface coverage, and porosity—that govern the sensor’s sensitivity, response time, and long-term stability. 4-VA funding is designed to support these kinds of collaborations.

Kang, an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, is pleased with the results. After months of wide-ranging study, the team can now predict with the help of machine learning how changes in material design affect sensor performance. This helps the team quickly test many design possibilities and find the best combinations—something that would take much longer with experiments alone.

“Our research team has made exciting progress in developing advanced materials for next-generation gas sensors,” said Kang, who has a lab on 911��’s Science and Technology Campus. “We’ve created and tested nanocomposites made from laser-induced graphene and metal nanoparticles to improve how sensors respond to light and detect gases like hydrogen and methane. The materials we’ve developed show promising photo response behavior, which is a key step toward building compact, highly sensitive sensors for environmental and industrial use.”

Since the initial proposal, Kang has added outside collaborators NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and N5 Sensors, both providing important platforms to explore potential commercialization paths.

NASA GSFC researchers Peter Snapp and Mahmooda Sultana collaborated with the team on the development of a methane gas sensor. They provided expertise in space-relevant sensing technologies and contributed guidance on performance requirements, testing protocols, and potential integration pathways for aerospace applications.

Diego Enrique Colmenarez received the Outstanding Project Award at the College of Engineering and Computing Undergraduate Research Celebration for his work on the 4-VA project. Photo provided

“This collaboration strengthens the translational potential of the 4-VA-supported laser-induced graphene nanocomposite sensing platform for real-world and extreme environment use cases,” said Kang.

N5 Sensors offered industry insight into the commercialization potential of the laser-induced graphene-based sensor platform. Their involvement included feedback on sensor integration strategies, performance metrics relevant to the market, and potential pathways for transitioning the research from lab-scale prototypes to scalable, deployable systems.

Peter Cho of the Department of Mechanical Engineering also worked with the team, volunteering his time to evaluate the hydrogen sensing performance of the developed materials and providing advice on sensors relevant to fuel cell applications.

Kang said the 4-VA funding also helped create valuable hands-on research opportunities for undergraduates. He credits four mechanical engineering majors who made significant contributions to the project:

Philip Acatrinei shared key material and device integration techniques—particularly in the use of laser-induced graphene and nanocomposite fabrication for advanced sensor platforms.
Graham Harper studied laser-induced graphene and nanocomposite materials for optoelectronic sensing applications.
Noemi Lily Umanzor helped to validate the broader versatility and cross-disciplinary potential of the materials and manufacturing approaches developed in the project.
Diego Enrique Colmenarez performed experimental tasks involving the laser manufacturing and characterization of graphene-based nanocomposites. For his work, Colmenarez received the “Outstanding Project Award” at the College of Engineering and Computing Undergraduate Research Celebration. He also presented on the subject at the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Undergraduate Research Symposium on Dynamics, Vibration and Acoustics.

The team has already had two published papers on the project in the Journal of Materials Chemistry C and Advanced Science, but Kang sees the 4-VA project as a launching pad for much more.

“The funding provided the essential support needed to launch a high-risk, high-reward interdisciplinary research project that might not have been possible through traditional funding channels alone,” he said. “Beyond advancing the technical goals, the support from 4-VA has helped position our team for larger external funding, fostered long-term partnerships, and demonstrated how collaborative, cross-institutional work can drive real innovation.”

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Concrete possibilities create 4-VA match

Katarina Benson — Mon, 17 Nov 2025 17:32:15 +0000

Concrete possibilities create 4-VA match Katarina Benson Mon, 11/17/2025 - 12:32

In the construction trades, engineers and builders are constantly pursuing concrete mixes that provide greater durability and strength. Moreover, concrete adaptations that are biodegradable and nontoxic with reduced greenhouse gas emissions attract even more attention. The potential cherry on top of both would be if the adaptation could result in lower production costs.

Xijin “Emma” Zhang. Photo provided

It was this proposition that brought Xijin “Emma” Zhang, an assistant professor in 911��’s Sid and Reva Dewberry Department of Civil, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering together with Bryan Berger, a professor in University of Virginia’s Chemical Engineering Department.

When Zhang, who specializes in fungi-mediated self-healing concrete, found Berger via the National Science Foundation’s search tool, she immediately recognized that Berger’s extensive experience in producing various biosurfactants from fungi would make him the perfect partner for her 4-VA research team.

Zhang’s goal was to test the effect that Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) would have on concrete. SAPs are hydrophilic polymers used to reduce shrinkage and improve durability. Berger was up for the challenge.

To turn the idea into reality, Zhang developed a proposal for 4-VA funding titled “Multifunctional Fungi-Based Biosurfactants for Durable Concrete Structures.” The plan was to do a barrage of experiments injecting a type of biosurfactants known as HFBI, derived from engineered yeast strain, to demonstrate the feasibility of it as a sustainable alternative to conventional air-entraining agents. This research would demand careful study and analysis with particular attention to air content and workability.

Once the proposal was approved, Zhang and Berger assembled a team of students to help deliver the project:

Testing samples. Photo provided

Graduate research assistant Junyi Wang from 911�� was responsible for experiment design, mortar testing (workability, air content, compressive strength), data analysis, and draft manuscript preparation.

PhD in chemical engineering Mack A. Kinkeade from Berger’s lab at UVA supported biosurfactant extraction and purification.

PhD student Lixin Wang, also from 911��, assisted with sample testing.

Two civil engineering undergraduates, Phillip Christovaladi Vasilakopoulos and Rafferty Houghton, volunteered their time on the project, gaining critical research experience. Both graduated in May.

“This 4-VA project provided valuable research opportunities for students at multiple levels. Their involvement not only enriched their academic experiences but also helped build a strong pipeline of future researchers,” said Zhang.

Following a year of lab work, the team did prove their hypothesis—HFBI is a sustainable alternative to established air-entraining agents in concrete.

Zhang was then able to share their results with a variety of interested organizations including the American Concrete Institute, Brookhaven National Lab, and the Federal Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center.

Surface morphology and height cloud map of the three groups of samples under a microscope. The blue-purple coloring on the surface indicates pores. Photo provided

“These presentations at conferences and national labs helped us connect with industry partners and broadened the impact of our work,” she said.

Zhang sees the 4-VA experience as a success on many levels, including relationship building.

“The 4-VA@Mason funding was instrumental in launching a meaningful and sustained collaboration with Dr. Berger at UVA,” Zhang said. “Since the start of this project, we have co-developed and submitted 3-4 research proposals to National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, and USDA over the past year, some of which were directly inspired by the findings of this 4-VA initiative.”

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Using virtual reality to prevent falls in older adults

Katarina Benson — Tue, 01 Jul 2025 18:51:03 +0000

Using virtual reality to prevent falls in older adults Katarina Benson Tue, 07/01/2025 - 14:51

Annually, one in four senior citizens seek emergency care from a fall-related injury. Traditionally, conventional physical therapy rehabilitation approaches have been used to help prevent falls, which are often the result of poor balance. However, many in the physical therapy field now view immersive virtual reality (VR) technology as an intriguing option. While laboratory-based experiments provide promising findings, to date this technology has yet to be translated into clinical settings.

Tiphanie Raffegeau of 911�� ’s School of Kinesiology in the College of Education and Human Development, and Christopher Rhea, Old Dominion University’s associate dean for Research and Innovation in Ellmer College of Health Sciences, envisioned a future where clinicians could use affordable VR technology to outperform traditional diagnostics, therapeutics, and pharmaceutical approaches in fall prevention. They saw an opportunity to develop effective uses of VR technology to detect cognitive-motor function in older adults and identify fall-risk factors for this population. They were awarded a 4-VA grant for the project.

Neuroscience major Sammana Waziri tries out the rehabilitative VR in the lab. Photo by Evan Cantwell/Office of University Branding

Raffegeau’s prior research focused on inducing anxiety during walking to study the fear of falling with an elevated height VR paradigm, while Rhea has primarily concentrated on examining how people adapt their steps to avoid obstacles in virtual environments. Through a 4-VA partnership, they aimed to increase accessibility to rehabilitative VR technology for interventions focused on reducing older adult fall-risk, while developing a framework for future scalable and fundable research.

Raffegeau hired three student programmers, Trevor Hsu, Chara Canfield, and Micah D Williams, from 911��’s Virginia Serious Game Institute (VSGI) to help. The student programmers were supervised by VSGI research faculty member Jacob Enfield. Two 911�� graduate students are also working on the project: Kelly Poretti and Mackenzie Barrowman.

After a year of research, Raffegeau noted, “Our testing proved fruitful, and we identified a number of important results.”

First, they found that experiencing fall-related anxiety in immersive VR can further impair a senior’s walking performance. Interestingly, they also found that the anxiety response tapers over time, suggesting that experiencing virtual high-elevation settings may reduce fall-related anxiety overall. They also saw that anxiety-provoking VR settings could promote stability-related adaptations during non-VR walking in impaired populations. This suggested that the VR experience could serve as a clinical intervention to improve walking.

Tiphanie Raffegeau, Mackenzie Barrowman, and Kelly Poretti with the poster of their study. Photo provided

They shared their findings at the Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society’s annual meeting, the American Society of Biomechanics annual meeting, and the College of Education and Human Development’s Research Symposium.

Poretti, who is working on a PhD in Education, was awarded the Switzer Research Fellowship for Doctoral Dissertation Research by the Administration for Community Living for her dissertation “Using Virtual Reality to Reduce Mobility-Related Anxiety in Lower-Limb Prosthetic Users,” which uses preliminary data from the VR project.

“This 4-VA funding provided crucial funds to support my work as an early investigator, and it has made my future grant applications stronger as evidence of institutional support for my career trajectory,” Raffegeau said.

Raffegeau and Rhea will continue to pursue this line of research. They recently submitted a proposal to the National Institutes on Aging on “Investigating Biobehavioral Responses to Mobility-Specific Anxiety Across the Menopause Transition and the Effects on Mobility and Fall-Risk,” focusing on the effect of VR-induced fall-related anxiety on walking in pre- and post-menopausal older women.

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4-VA team studies wastewater treatment systems

Katarina Benson — Wed, 16 Apr 2025 16:17:50 +0000

4-VA team studies wastewater treatment systems Katarina Benson Wed, 04/16/2025 - 12:17

Editor’s note: This story references a grant awarded in 2023. Furst is now at 4Va partner school Virginia Tech.

One of the most pressing issues in human and ecological health is the abundance of poly and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalate esters (PAEs) in our ecosystem—two classes of synthetic chemicals known as “forever chemicals.” In addition to their destructive nature affecting wildlife, soil, and agriculture, they are also responsible for causing human health problems such as liver damage, thyroid disease, obesity, fertility issues, and cancer.

While scientists worldwide are racing to learn more about how to combat PFAS and PAEs in a variety of settings, 911�� researcher Kirin Emlet Furst has been focused on PFAS AND PAEs in water treatment and wastewater reuse.

Working at the site. Photo provided

Furst, an assistant professor in 911��’s Civil, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Department, reasoned that wastewater treatment facilities are a major avenue through which PFAS and PAEs can contaminate drinking water and air, as many of these compounds are insufficiently removed by typical treatment processes. Furst specifically wanted to explore the air-water interface. PFAS have a high surface activity, which results in their attraction to the air-water interface. And while PAEs have a lower surface activity, they might be attracted to other materials that accumulate at the air-water interface. Research in full-scale treatment systems was needed to understand these interactions.

The 4-VA@911�� Advisory Board recognized the importance of this research and awarded Furst’s 4-VA proposal, “The role of the air-water interface in breakthrough of PFAS and phthalate esters during wastewater treatment.”

Joining Furst in the research was 4-VA partner Zhiwu (Drew) Wang, a specialist in wastewater treatment and biological processes at Virginia Tech. Furst also tapped Mason graduate student Meghana Kuppa who was already developing analytical methods to measure PFAS and PAEs. Ethan Gasper, an undergraduate in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, assisted Kuppa with much of the bench work on the project.

Meghana Kuppa using the sink. Photo provided

Kuppa collected water samples and scum, which is the material that accumulates at the air-water interface, from process unit tanks at a wastewater treatment plant to measure the target contaminants and water quality parameters known to impact partitioning behavior. Their goal? Quantify the role of the air-water interface in enabling breakthrough of PFAS and PAEs in wastewater treatment facilities and identify potential engineering solutions.

Although developing the complex methodologies for the project was a challenge, several important outcomes were realized. First, high levels of multiple PFAS were found in the scum from both the primary and secondary treatment processes. The team concluded that the PFAS levels in the primary scum samples were much higher than they could accurately measure due to interference from particulates and oily substances in the water. However, analysis of the secondary treatment determined any PFAS present are more likely to be found in the treated water and may also contaminate the facility air.

While fewer PAEs were found in the scum samples, Kuppa’s experiments show that phthalates can bind to organic material in the scum. This may contribute to the difficulty in removing phthalates during wastewater treatment.

“The 4-VA award empowered my group to pursue this new line of research and helped to support Kuppa’s innovative thesis projects,” said Furst.

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911�� to lead cross-institutional course redesign and experiential learning project

Katarina Benson — Wed, 05 Mar 2025 19:50:25 +0000

911�� to lead cross-institutional course redesign and experiential learning project Katarina Benson Wed, 03/05/2025 - 14:50

911�� Professor Younsung Kim has received a 4-VA grant to conduct collaborative multidisciplinary research with colleagues at partner schools in Virginia. The results will be implemented as learning modules into undergraduate courses.

Although 4-VA has awarded Collaborative Research Grants for more than 10 years, the grants have been funded separately by each institution. This new 4-VA effort is the first to be supported collectively by the statewide partnership and has added a course redesign and experiential learning element. The project will include faculty members from 911��, Virginia Tech, and the University of Virginia and will focus on growing 4-VA’s collaborative research success.

Kim’s proposal, “Designing Experiential Learning Modules for Stormwater Management and Climate Adaptation via Spatial Analysis Tools,” plans to use spatial mapping tools to incorporate appropriate green infrastructure to best reduce the effects of stormwater runoff. The team will migrate this information into environmental policy coursework at their respective institutions. They also plan to ultimately make the content available statewide.

Kim, who has taught in 911��’s Department of Environmental Science and Policy for 15 years, will collaborate with B. Brian Park, an engineering professor at the University of Virginia, and Mintai Kim of Virginia Tech’s College of Architecture, Arts, and Design. Also joining the team is 911�� PhD student Colin Chadduck.

From left, B. Brian Park, Younsung Kim, and Mintai Kim. Photo provided

In reviewing the proposal, 4-VA evaluators noted Kim’s proposition as a standout, citing a number of key factors, including that it “addresses an important topic affecting the state and beyond,” features an “inherent interdisciplinary approach incorporating science policy, data science techniques, and architecture,” and “lends itself to creative cross-school collaborations.”

“As climate change is increasing faster than climate prediction models have suggested, it is critical that we place more emphasis on integrating green infrastructure in climate vulnerable regions,” said Kim. “I am delighted and honored to accept this award as we work together across the commonwealth to raise the bar for our faculty and students studying this important work. Together, we can tackle this critical challenge.”

“4-VA has a long track record of success with the Collaborative Research Grants program, and we are excited to expand this model to support course redesign initiatives,” said 4-VA’s State Working Group Chair Matt Banfield of UVA. “4-VA collaborative projects have built bridges between our institutions, nurtured hundreds of faculty and student relationships, provided valuable opportunities for experiential learning and hands-on research, and jumpstarted novel research projects that have gone on to receive national and international attention. We are looking forward to supporting this project proposed by Professor Kim and her team.”

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911�� scientists partner to create genetic markers for endangered species

Katarina Benson — Wed, 29 Jan 2025 15:37:16 +0000

911�� scientists partner to create genetic markers for endangered species Katarina Benson Wed, 01/29/2025 - 10:37

Scientists have long recognized that both wild and captive populations of endangered species are at a high risk for loss of genetic diversity due to their rarity. With small or isolated populations, genetic diversity can be lost through stochastic or random genetic drift, or through breeding between close relatives. Therefore, proper management of captive populations is critical to ensure long-term sustainability.

Haw Chuan Lim. Photo provided

The struggle, however, is how to efficiently and economically collect and analyze high-resolution genetic data that can fill the knowledge information gaps in effective breeding practices.

Haw Chuan Lim, associate professor in 911��’s Department of Biology, saw an opportunity to combine the experience and knowledge of other experts in the field to develop a novel genomic tool to address this issue.

Lim’s proposal, “Development of a novel genotyping panel for powerful and cost-effective evaluations of population structure and kinship in the critically endangered mountain bongo,” was approved for funding by the 4-VA @ Mason Advisory Board.

Lim and his PhD student Karen Holm assembled their team — Aakrosh Ratan, assistant professor, University of Virginia; Klaus-Peter Koepfli, senior research scientist, Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation; and Budhan Pukazhenthi, research physiologist, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute. 4VA funding was used to purchase the necessary supplies, reagents, and equipment, including DNA tests and probe sets.

The team reasoned that a study conducted on one animal could provide a platform for application to other endangered species. The Eastern mountain bongo, or antelope, a critically endangered native to Kenya, was chosen as a test species. Although fewer than 140 bongos remain in the wild, there are approximately 160 bongos in U.S. zoos and several hundred more on private ranches. As such, breeding and transfer strategies that increase genetic diversity and reduce inbreeding of captive animals are critical for the survival of the species.

Eastern mountain bongo. Photo courtesy of the Lim Lab

The researchers created and validated the application of a novel genetic probe-set that was used to generate data from different types of genetic markers, such as ease of genotyping, presence throughout the genome, and high information content.

Researchers collected four types of samples—whole blood, fecal swabs, tissues, and extracted DNA—from 39 North American conservation centers and zoos to begin the project. This resulted in a total of 207 samples from both current and historical ex situ populations (populations outside of the native ranges).

Lim and his team evaluated the effectiveness of the probe-set in generating high-quality genetic data from different sample types and for different genetic marker types. The data obtained are now being accessed for their ability to produce accurate information on animal kinship, genetic diversity, and population structure, which will ultimately be used to guide precise captive breeding programs.

Some preliminary data, as well as a chromosome-level genome assembly, have already been published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information and online at DNA Zoo, a conservation consortium website.

A high-quality genome serves as an invaluable resource for species conservation because it can be used for many types of research such as those focused on detecting deleterious mutations. The results from this study will contribute to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Species Survival Plan for the species.

“The 4-VA@Mason funding got us started, and now we have obtained external funding to move the research even further,” said Lim.

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